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Tackling climate change and promoting the energy revolution

Xiangwan DU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 338-343 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0535-5

摘要：

Following the Paris Agreement, green and low-carbon development has entered into a new stage. China’s international responsibility to combat climate change is consistent with the inherent sustainable development needs of the country. In this paper, the reasonability of China’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) is examined and the fact that low-carbon development can lead to modernization is demonstrated based on data analysis of energy economics from developed countries. Considering the fact that such an energy revolution forms the basis for China’s low-carbon transition, a roadmap of the China’s energy utilization is presented. Based on research results from the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the three historical stages of China’s energy structure reform are analyzed. Promoting a low-carbon transition through an energy revolution is a long-term and arduous process that requires a genuine transformation of development outlook and patterns. By empirically analyzing situations at home and abroad, a conclusion is made that economic development and a low-carbon transition can be achieved simultaneously; specifically, low-carbon development fosters new points of economic growth and gives rise to different development paths.

关键词： climate change Paris Agreement low-carbon transition energy revolution

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Climate change and China’s mega urban regions

Chaolin GU, Sunsheng HAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 418-430 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0075-5

摘要： China’s mega urban regions are focal points of economic development and environmental concerns. This paper positions four mega urban regions (i.e., the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the Bohai Bay Area, and the South-eastern Fujian Province) along China’s coast into the national economy and elaborates their development challenges and planning innovations. Mega urban regions in China are spatial consequences of rapid economic transition. They deserve close scrutiny and demands for innovative planning responses in order to maintain their key role in driving economic growth but limiting their greenhouse gas emission.

关键词： climate change mega urban region urban planning

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The most influential “Top 10 Events” in carbon neutrality and climate change in 2022

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 1-4 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0869-5

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Impacts of climate change on optimal mixture design of blended concrete considering carbonation and chloride

Xiao-Yong WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期页码 473-486 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0608-5

摘要： Many studies on the mixture design of fly ash and slag ternary blended concrete have been conducted. However, these previous studies did not consider the effects of climate change, such as acceleration in the deterioration of durability, on mixture design. This study presents a procedure for the optimal mixture design of ternary blended concrete considering climate change and durability. First, the costs of CO emissions and material are calculated based on the concrete mixture and unit prices. Total cost is equal to the sum of material cost and CO emissions cost, and is set as the objective function of the optimization. Second, strength, slump, carbonation, and chloride ingress models are used to evaluate concrete properties. The effect of different climate change scenarios on carbonation and chloride ingress is considered. A genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal mixture considering various constraints. Third, illustrative examples are shown for mixture design of ternary blended concrete. The analysis results show that for ternary blended concrete exposed to an atmospheric environment, a rich mix is necessary to meet the challenge of climate change, and for ternary blended concrete exposed to a marine environment, the impact of climate change on mixture design is marginal.

关键词： ternary blended concrete climate change optimal mixture design carbonation chloride ingress

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Responding to the Paris Climate Agreement: global climate change mitigation efforts

Yong GENG, Tsuyoshi FUJITA, Anthony CHIU, Hancheng DAI, Han HAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 333-337 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0587-6

摘要：

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

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Challenge of global climate change: Prospects for a new energy paradigm

Michael B. MCELROY

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 2-11 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0005-8

摘要： Perspectives on the challenge posed by potential future climate change are presented including a discussion of prospects for carbon capture followed either by sequestration or reuse including opportunities for alternatives to the use of oil in the transportation sector. The potential for wind energy as an alternative to fossil fuel energy as a source of electricity is outlined including the related opportunities for cost effective curtailment of future growth in emissions of CO.

关键词： climate change carbon capture wind ethanol CO₂ radiative forcing

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IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROP PRODUCTION, PESTS AND PATHOGENS OF WHEAT AND RICE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第1期页码 4-18 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021432

摘要：

Ongoing climate change is expected to have impacts on crops, insect pests, and plant pathogens and poses considerable threats to sustainable food security. Existing reviews have summarized impacts of a changing climate on agriculture, but the majority of these are presented from an ecological point of view, and scant information is available on specific species in agricultural applications. This paper provides an overview of impacts of climate change on two staple crops, wheat and rice. First, the direct effects of climate change on crop growth, yield formation, and geographic distribution of wheat and rice are reviewed. Then, the effects of climate change on pests and pathogens related with wheat and rice, and their interactions with the crops are summarized. Finally, potential management strategies to mitigate the direct impacts of climate change on crops, and the indirect impacts on crops through pests and pathogens are outlined. The present overview aims to aid agriculture practitioners and researchers who are interested in wheat and rice to better understand climate change related impacts on the target species.

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Assessment of future climate change impacts on water-heat-salt migration in unsaturated frozen soil using

Hanli Wan, Jianmin Bian, Han Zhang, Yihan Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1302-5

摘要： Abstract • A model coupling water-heat-salt of unsaturated frozen soil was established. • Future temperature, precipitation, and evaporation increase in freeze–thaw period. • Soil water, heat, and salt transport are closely coupled during freeze–thaw period. • Freeze–thaw cycles and future climate change can exacerbate salinization. The transport mechanisms of water, heat, and salt in unsaturated frozen soil, as well as its response to future climate change are in urgent need of study. In this study, western Jilin Province in north-eastern China was studied to produce a model of coupled water-heat-salt in unsaturated frozen soil using CoupModel. The water, heat, and salt dynamics of unsaturated frozen soil under three representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios were simulated to analyze the effects of future climate change on unsaturated frozen soil. The results show that water, heat, and salt migration are tightly coupled, and the soil salt concentration in the surface layer (10 cm) exhibits explosive growth after freezing and thawing. The future (2020–2099) meteorological factors in the study area were predicted using the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM). For RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 scenarios, future temperatures during the freeze–thaw period increased by 2.68°C, 3.18°C, and 4.28°C, respectively; precipitation increased by 30.28 mm, 28.41 mm, and 32.17 mm, respectively; and evaporation increased by 93.57 mm, 106.95 mm, and 130.57 mm, respectively. Climate change will shorten the freeze–thaw period, advance the soil melting time from April to March, and enhance water and salt transport. Compared to the baseline period (1961–2005), future soil salt concentrations at 10 cm increased by 1547.54 mg/L, 1762.86 mg/L, and 1713.66 mg/L under RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5, respectively. The explosive salt accumulation is more obvious. Effective measures should be taken to prevent the salinization of unsaturated frozen soils and address climate change.

关键词： Soil salinization Climate change Unsaturated frozen soil Water-heat-salt balance Soil environment change

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关于气候变化的哲学思考

李佩成

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第11期页码 7-13

摘要：

从哲学的基本原理出发，引用地史及水文气象资料探讨了全球气候变化问题，指出全球气候一直在变化；气候变化的动力主要在天在地而不在人；当今的气候变化可能只是气候变化总过程中的一个波动阶段而非永远的趋势,且其变幅并未超出历史上气候变化的范畴。因此，不能断言全球气候变暖是由于人为排放CO₂所致。所以对于不同时空条件下的气候变化应当具体矛盾具体分析具体解决，进而提出了中国应对气候变化的对策建议。

关键词：气候变化哲学思考全球气候变暖温室气体

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Climate change and its consequences for water and wastewater management

Peter A. WILDERER

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 1-1 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0001-z

摘要： Life, in combination with solar radiation and abiotic processes, is most probably the reason why liquid water has existed on Earth for over billions of years, and the global mean temperature has remained in a life-enabling range. Efforts to limit or even reverse global warming must be derived from the knowledge of the Earth’s complex life-support system. In this context, the balance between liquid and gaseous water plays a crucial role, and water management becomes an important field of innovation and action, globally, on the scale of watersheds but also on the very local level. Cascading use, reuse, and temporary storage of water in urban settings must be considered to limit over-extraction of water from natural resources, and to maintain the life supporting function of ecosystems. At the same time, public health requirements, cost efficiency, and reliability demands are to be met.

关键词： ecosystem management tools self-regulation urbanization water-climate relationship water reuse

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Integration of climate change considerations into environmental impact assessment — implementation, problems

I-Shin CHANG, Jing WU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 598-607 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0496-1

摘要： Climate change plays an important role in affecting and altering the course of human development. So far, there have been no effective and efficient techniques to directly quantify the influences of climate change on human development, but there have been rough estimation and qualitative description of the effects. Since the 1990s, climate change considerations have been required to be included in environmental impact assessment, which is a flexible institutional framework of environmental risk evaluation and management. However, there have been no concrete achievements demonstrated. The purpose of this study was first to summarise the practical experience and to disclose the existing problems during the implementation of the process of integrating climate change considerations into environmental impact assessment in China through a case study. Currently in China, the practice of integrating climate change considerations into environmental impact assessment is mainly concentrated on the strategic environmental assessment level. The influences of climate change were identified as energy consumption, greenhouse gases emission, and the restraint of development under abnormal or extreme weather or climate conditions. Because of a lack of related technical guidelines and practical experience, the climate change considerations that have been selected and the evaluation methods that have been applied are quite different. Recommendations on policies, laws, and institutional regulations institution are proposed to better utilise environmental impact assessment to integrate climate change considerations into economic, social, and environmental decisions and actions.

关键词： climate change considerations environmental impact assessment energy consumption greenhouse gases low carbon

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Understanding Farmers’ Perceptions and Risk Responses to Climate Change in China

Yang-jie Wang,Xiao-hong Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第3期页码 201-210 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015050

摘要： Agriculture is likely to bear the brunt of the impacts of climate change. The extent to which these impacts are felt depends in large part on the extent of adaptation in response to climate change. The overall aim of this paper is to attempt to identify farmers’ knowledge, perceptions and risk responses towards climate change (or potential change). In order to achieve this goal, several specific objectives are pursued. First, the paper investigates whether or not farmers have perceived the long-term climate change and extreme weather events. Second, the paper describes how farmers respond to climate change and tries to assess the determinants of their adaptation. Based on data collected from a survey among farm households in three provinces in rural China, the findings demonstrate that farmers are aware of climate variability and identify the rising temperature, decreasing precipitation and the increasing frequency of drought. Only about 25% of farmers are willing to adjust their farming structures as a risk reaction. Household size, wealth, farm size, and the number of plots are found to be important factors that influence farmer adaptive capacity. Implications for policymaking on agriculture and adaptation to climate change will be to focus on providing farmers with information about the climate in time and facilitating enhancement of their adaptive capacity.

关键词： perception climate change agriculture risk reaction farmers China

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Can the bullet train speed up climate change mitigation in China?

Han LIN, Saixing ZENG, Shilong GE, Yongtai CHEN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第1期页码 104-105 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017100

摘要：

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全球2℃温升目标与应对气候变化长期目标的演进

高云, 高翔, 张晓华

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第2期页码 272-278 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.01.022

摘要：

《巴黎协定》提出把全球平均地表气温升幅控制在较工业化前水平的2°C 之内，并努力限制在1.5°C之内。这是第一个使“全球2°C 温升目标”具备法律效力的国际条约，《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二条关于最终目标的定性表述，至此演进为《巴黎协定》第二条包含具体数值的全球温升目标。从政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC) 第二次评估开始，为《联合国气候变化框架公约》谈判提供有助于确定定量化长期目标的科学信息就成为后续历次评估的重要任务，但由于涉及非科学评估范畴的价值判断，IPCC 从未从科学上认定全球升温到何种程度是不可接受的。应对气候变化长期目标的确定经历了长期的过程，“全球2°C 温升目标”是建立在科学评估基础上的一个政治共识。本文从“全球2°C 温升目标”的由来、IPCC 围绕《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二条开展的系列评估，以及不同政治层面对温升目标的推动等几个方面，分析了国际应对气候变化长期目标的演进过程，及其对未来科学评估、谈判进程和全球低碳发展走向的影响。

关键词：气候变化国际谈判政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC) 《联合国气候变化框架公约》(UNFCCC) 长期目标关键脆弱性制度建设

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Comprehensive analysis on China’s National Climate Change Assessment Reports: Action and emphasis

Bing WANG, Ge HONG, Chao-Qun CUI, Hao YU, Tad MURTY

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第1期页码 52-61 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0002-y

摘要： Climate change assessment is central for low-carbon management practice. This paper investigates China’s National Climate Change Assessment Reports of 2007, 2011, and 2015. These three reports are compared with other climate change assessment reports by data mining. The necessity of national climate change assessment is analyzed with the requirements at home and abroad. The latest progress surrounding climate change impacts, adaptation, and mitigation is outlined with the increasing temperature rise in China and the urgency of climate change commitments. The achievements in climate change assessment indicate the increasing climate change vulnerability on sectors and regions in China and the strategies and priorities for low-carbon actions. Distinct gaps and differences are identified in the coverage of industry, regions, and vulnerability assessment between our assessments and other evaluation reports. These gaps and differences demonstrate the importance and future improvements of China’s national climate change assessment in international climate governance. The outlook for China’s fourth assessment report is proposed.

关键词： climate change assessment low-carbon management impact adaptation mitigation